The match on March 22, which Sunderland won 2-1, was stopped for three minutes during the second half after an incident of discriminatory abuse from the crowd was reported.
Both clubs condemned the incident, as Sunderland said they stood by Geertruida.
The man from Gateshead was arrested on Tuesday and later released on police bail pending further enquiries while the investigation continues, Northumbria police said in a statement.
"Racial abuse has absolutely no place in football or in our communities, and we will not tolerate this type of behaviour," detective inspector Phil Guard said.