The 29-year-old, who has scored eight goals and provided three assists this season, was ruled out for nearly two months after suffering a hamstring injury in September.
"Raphinha is suffering from an overload in the adductor muscle of his right leg... his recovery period is expected to be one week," Barcelona said in a statement, adding that he will miss Tuesday's Copa del Rey quarter-final at Albacete.
Leaders Barcelona, bidding for their third LaLiga title in four years, are a point above Real Madrid in the standings.